경희대학교 FOCUS (2018) 우주기상 예보 시대가 열린다
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올 하반기 발사되는 천리안 2A호에 탑재
경희대학교 응용과학대학 우주과학과·우주탐사학과 선종호 교수 연구팀이 최근 기상관측 전용위성 ‘천리안 2A’호(정지궤도복합위성)에 탑재되는 우주기상탑재체를 국내 최초로 개발했다. 천리안 2호는 올 하반기에 발사될 예정이다.
우주기상탑재체는 입자검출기, 자기장 측정기, 대전감지기 등 세 가지 센서로 이뤄지는 서브 시스템이다. 이번 탑재체는 미국 캘리포니아 주립대(버클리) 우주과학연구소, 유럽항공우주국(European Space Agency)과 협력해 개발에 성공했다.
유럽항공우주국은 이번 공동연구를 위해 약 30억 원 규모의 우주용 첨단 자기장측정 장치를 경희대에 기증했다. 유럽항공우주국이 기증한 자기장측정 장치를 제외한 나머지 장치, 즉 입자 검출기와 대전감지기는 경희대가 국내기업과 협력을 통해 개발했다.
천리안 2A호에 탑재되는 우주기상탑재체. 우주기상탑재체는 입자검출기(Particle Detector), 자기장 측정기(Magnetometer), 대전감지기(Charging Monitor) 등 세 가지 센서기기로 구성된다.
우주기상 예보 통해 인명 및 장비 피해 최소화
우주기상탑재체가 정지 궤도에 진입하면 향후 10년간 우주기상 관측 임무를 수행한다. 운영은 한국항공우주연구원(이하 ‘항우연’)이 담당한다. 항우연이 관련 명령어를 위성에 전달하면 위성은 우주기상 정보를 기상청 지상국으로 송신한다.
지상국은 고에너지 입자, 지구 자기장, 위성체 대전량 등 관련 정보를 바탕으로 우주기상 예보를 제공한다. 이를 통해 위성 및 지상통신, 비행 항로 등 인명과 장비의 피해와 오류를 사전 예측, 손실을 최소화할 수 있다.
우주기상은 인간과 지구에 막대한 영향을 끼친다. 하지만 대기권 내에서 일어나는 기상현상과 다른 특성을 가진다. 우주기상학은 위성이 관측한 자료를 바탕으로 태양 활동을 연구하며, 지구와 근접 지역의 물리량을 예측한다.
우주탐사학과는 세계 수준의 연구중심대학(WCU) 선정을 계기로 우주탐사 연구 역량을 강화하고, 국내 최초 초소형 인공위성 시네마 1~3호를 개발 및 발사했다. 사진은 진호, 이동훈, 선종호 교수(왼쪽부터)
경희의 우주탐사 기술 세계적으로 인정받아
경희대의 우주에 대한 도전은 이번이 처음은 아니다. 지난 2012년 미국 버클리대학과 공동으로 지구 근접 우주공간 탐사용 초소형 인공위성 ‘시네마(CINEMA)’ 1기, 2013년에는 시네마 2기, 3기를 성공적으로 발사했다. 초소형 인공위성을 이용한 우주탐사는 국내에서 첫 시도이며, 초소형 인공위성 3기가 동일 목적으로 우주공간 탐사에 활용되는 것은 세계 최초다. 2016년에는 유럽항공우주국과 국제연구협약을 체결해 국내 우주 탐사 수준을 지속적으로 높여왔다.
올해 발사되는 천리안 2호는 설계 수명이 만료되는 천리안 1호를 대체하기 위해 개발되는 것이다. 천리안 2호는 둘로 나뉜다. 기상·우주기상탑재체가 실리는 2A호, 해양·환경탑재체가 실리는 2B호로 나뉘어 제작 중이다. 2A호는 2018년, 2B호는 2019년 발사 예정이다. 두 위성은 약 36,000km의 고도의 정지궤도에서 임무를 수행한다.
개발책임자인 선종호 우주과학과 교수는 “우주기상탑재체를 이용해 극동아시아 지역의 주요한 우주과학 자료를 세계에 제공하게 될 것이며, 세계적인 연구 성과를 도출할 것으로 기대된다”고 밝혔다. 아울러 “이번 개발성공은 한국 우주과학의 수준을 한 단계 더 높이는 동시에 저변확대에도 크게 기여할 수 있는 기회가 될 것이다”고 전했다.
이번 국제 공동연구에 경희대는 선종호 교수를 비롯 박사급 전임 연구원 2명, 박사과정 4명, 석사과정 4명 등 총 11명이 참여했다.
https://www.khu.ac.kr/kor/focus/detail.do?seq=201120
- 이전글(2018) 대한민국도 우주기상 탐사시대 맞을까? 22.09.27
- 다음글(2016) 경희, 유럽항공우주국(ESA)과 연구협약 체결 22.09.27
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